Databases, Systems & Networks

En cas de perte de la barre de menu et de la barre d’icônes, le seul moyen de les récupérer est de relancer gnome-panel.

A condition d’avoir un terminal ouvert (sinon on est un peu coincé puisqu’on ne peut plus le lancer avec Alt-F2), il suffit de lancer la commande:

killall gnome-panel

Cette commande va killer le process existant (s’il existe encore) et relancer cette partie de l’interface graphique de Ubuntu.

Plus d’infos sur Howto Restart Gnome Panel

Source: My Linux Notebook

It doesn’t happen a lot but it does sometimes when the Gnome Panel freeze. If you are a former windows user you might be used to restart the computer when something in you desktop stuck. This is not the way with Linux. We can fix the problem by restarting the desktop session (restarting the X server) pressing the Ctrl+Alt+BackSpace but this will destroy everything we worked on so far. A more elegant way will be to restart only the Gnome Panel.

Getting access to the Linux command line shell

In order to restart the Gnome Panel we will need to execute the Linux kill command. Once the Gnome Panel process is killed Gnome will restart it automatically so the only thing left for us is to kill the Gnome Panel process. In order to execute the Linux kill command we will need to get access to the Linux shell. This can be done by one of the following:

1. Pressing Alt+F2
2. Using an opened console window using the Alt+Tab buttons to navigate to it.
3. Using a console session by pressing Ctrl+Alt+F1

Killing the Gnome Panel

In each of these options we will need to execute the Linux kill command in order to kill the Gnome Panel process. There are two ways to use the kill command:

1. Using the application name will kill all the applications with the same name
2. Using the process id (pid) will kill only the process with the specified id.

Back to our case with the Gnome Panel, we can use both of the options.

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Source: nixCraft

I am a new Debian Linux v.7.x / Ubuntu Linux LTS user. How do I reinstall a package using apt-get command line?

The Advanced Packaging Tool (APT) works on both Debian / Ubuntu and it can handle the installation and removal of software. You need use apt-get command as follows to forcefully reinstall package. The syntax is:

apt-get --reinstall install PackageNameHere

OR

apt-get --reinstall install Package1 Package2

The --reinstall option re-install packages that are already installed and at the newest version.

Pro tip: Backup configuration files before you reinstall packages. For example, if you are reinstalling nginx web server package, backup /etc/nginx/ with cp command i.e. mkdir /root/nginx.mmddyyyy/; cp -avr /etc/nginx/* /root/nginx.mmddyyy/

Examples

The following command will reinstall rsync package. Open a terminal and then type:
$ sudo apt-get --reinstall install rsync
OR
# apt-get --reinstall install rsync
Sample outputs:

If above method failed for you, try the following syntax. Make sure you backup config file before typing the following commands. Please note that the --purge option is identical to remove except that packages are removed and purged including any configuration files are deleted too.

 
sudo apt-get --purge remove package1
sudo apt-get install package1

Comment rendre la commande ssh-copy-id disponible sur Mac OS X

Si vous avez tenté d’utiliser la commande ssh-copy-id sur Mac OS X, vous avez dû vous rendre compte que, même si openssh est installé nativement, cette commande n’est pas disponible.

Heureusement, cette commande est un simple script qu’il suffit de copier au bon endroit, de lui donner les bons droits et SURPRISE la commande est disponible.

Et comme je suis sympa, eh bien je vous donne tout ça. 😉 Pour commencer le script ssh-copy-id

Ensuite, la méthodologie à suivre pour le mettre en place:

• Télécharger le fichier
• Déplacer le fichier dans le répertoire /usr/bin
• Lui donner les droits nécessaires

$ chmod 755 /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id

Edit

Si vous utilisez homebrew, il existe un package pour faire la même chose :
brew install ssh-copy-id

Source: Mikael Randy

Firewalls

Iptables Examples For New SysAdmins

Linux comes with a host based firewall called Netfilter. According to the official project site:

netfilter is a set of hooks inside the Linux kernel that allows kernel modules to register callback functions with the network stack. A registered callback function is then called back for every packet that traverses the respective hook within the network stack.

This Linux based firewall is controlled by the program called iptables to handles filtering for IPv4, and ip6tables handles filtering for IPv6. I strongly recommend that you first read our quick tutorial that explains how to configure a host-based firewall called Netfilter (iptables) under CentOS / RHEL / Fedora / Redhat Enterprise Linux. This post list most common iptables solutions required by a new Linux user to secure his or her Linux operating system from intruders.

Linux

IPTABLES Rules Example

• Most of the actions listed in this post are written with the assumption that they will be executed by the root user running the bash or any other modern shell. Do not type commands on remote system as it will disconnect your access.
• For demonstration purpose I’ve used RHEL 6.x, but the following command should work with any modern Linux distro.
• This is NOT a tutorial on how to set iptables. See tutorial here. It is a quick cheat sheet to common iptables commands.

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