Owncloud: Using the occ Command
occ: la commande d’administration de ownCloud
ownCloud’s occ
command
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ownCloud’s occ
command (ownCloud console) is ownCloud’s command-line interface. You can perform many common server operations with occ
:
* Manage apps
* Manage users
* Convert the ownCloud database
* Reset passwords, including administrator passwords
* Convert the ownCloud database from SQLite to a more performant DB
* Query and change LDAP settings
occ
is in the owncloud/
directory; for example /var/www/owncloud
on Ubuntu Linux. occ
is a PHP script. You must run it as your HTTP user to ensure that the correct permissions are maintained on your ownCloud files and directories.
The HTTP user is different on the various Linux distributions. See the Setting Strong Directory Permissions section of Installation Wizard to learn how to find your HTTP user.
- The HTTP user and group in Debian/Ubuntu is
www-data
. - The HTTP user and group in Fedora/CentOS is
apache
. - The HTTP user and group in Arch Linux is
http
. - The HTTP user in openSUSE is
wwwrun
, and the HTTP group iswww
.
Running it with no options lists all commands and options, like this example on Ubuntu:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ
ownCloud version 8.0.3
Usage:
[options] command [arguments]
Options:
--help (-h) Display this help message
--quiet (-q) Do not output any message
--verbose (-v|vv|vvv) Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal
output, 2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug
--version (-V) Display this application version
--ansi Force ANSI output
--no-ansi Disable ANSI output
--no-interaction (-n) Do not ask any interactive question
Available commands:
check check dependencies of the server environment
help Displays help for a command
list Lists commands
status show some status information
upgrade run upgrade routines after installation of a new
release. The release has to be installed before.
This is the same as sudo -u www-data php occ list
.
Run it with the -h
option for syntax help:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ -h
Display your ownCloud version:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ -V
ownCloud version 8.0.3
Query your ownCloud server status:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ status
- installed: true
- version: 8.0.3.4
- versionstring: 8.0.3
- edition: Enterprise
occ
has options, commands, and arguments. Options and arguments are optional, while commands are required. The syntax is:
occ [options] command [arguments]
Get detailed information on individual commands with the help
command, like this example for the maintenance:mode
command:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ help maintenance:mode
Usage:
maintenance:mode [--on] [--off]
Options:
--on enable maintenance mode
--off disable maintenance mode
--help (-h) Display this help message.
--quiet (-q) Do not output any message.
--verbose (-v|vv|vvv) Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal
output, 2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug
--version (-V) Display this application version.
--ansi Force ANSI output.
--no-ansi Disable ANSI output.
--no-interaction (-n) Do not ask any interactive question.
Apps Commands
The app
commands list, enable, and disable apps. This lists all of your installed apps, and shows whether they are enabled or disabled:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ app:list
Enable an app:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ app:enable external
external enabled
Disable an app:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ app:disable external
external disabled
Database Conversion
The SQLite database is good for testing, and for ownCloud servers with small workloads, but production servers with multiple users should use MariaDB, MySQL, or PostgreSQL. You can use occ
to convert from SQLite to one of these other databases. You need:
- Your desired database and its PHP connector installed
- The login and password of a database admin user
- The database port number, if it is a non-standard port
This is example converts to SQLite MySQL/MariaDB:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ db:convert-type mysql oc_dbuser 127.0.0.1
oc_database
For a more detailed explanation see Converting Database Type
Encryption
When you are using encryption, you must manually migrate your encryption keys after upgrading your ownCloud server:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ encryption:migrate-keys
File Operations
The files:scan
command scans for new files and updates the file cache. You may rescan all files, per-user, a space-delimited list of users, and limit the search path:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ files:scan --help
Usage:
files:scan [-p|--path="..."] [-q|--quiet] [--all] [user_id1] ... [user_idN]
Arguments:
user_id will rescan all files of the given user(s)
Options:
--path (-p) limit rescan to this path, eg.
--path="/alice/files/Music", the user_id is determined by the path and the
user_id parameter and --all are ignored
--all will rescan all files of all known users
files:cleanup
tidies up the server’s file cache by deleting all file entries that have no matching entries in the storage table.
l10n, Create javascript Translation Files for Apps
Use the l10n:createjs
to translate apps into various languages, using this syntax:
l10n:createjs appname language_name
This example converts the Activity app to Bosnian:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ l10n:createjs activity bs
These are the supported language codes, and Codes for the Representation of Names of Languages may be helpful:
ach gu ml sr
ady eo he ml_IN sr@latin
af_ZA es hi mn su
ak es_AR hi_IN ms_MY sv
am_ET es_BO hr mt_MT sw_KE
ar es_CL hu_HU my_MM ta_IN
ast es_CO hy nb_NO ta_LK
az es_CR ia nds te
be es_EC id ne tg_TJ
bg_BG es_MX io nl th_TH
bn_BD es_PE is nn_NO tl_PH
bn_IN es_PY it nqo tr
bs es_US ja oc tzm
ca es_UY jv or_IN ug
ca@valencia et_EE ka_GE pa uk
cs_CZ eu km pl ur
cy_GB eu_ES kn pt_BR ur_PK
da fa ko pt_PT uz
de fi ku_IQ ro vi
de_AT fi_FI lb ru yo
de_CH fil lo si_LK zh_CN
de_DE fr lt_LT sk zh_HK
el fr_CA lv sk_SK zh_TW
en_GB fy_NL mg sl
en_NZ gl mk sq
LDAP Commands
You can run the following LDAP commands with occ
.
Search for an LDAP user, using this syntax:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:search [--group] [--offset="..."]
[--limit="..."] search
This example searches for usernames that start with “rob”:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:search rob
Check if an LDAP user exists. This works only if the ownCloud server is connected to an LDAP server:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:check-user robert
ldap:check-user
will not run a check when it finds a disabled LDAP connection. This prevents users that exist on disabled LDAP connections from being marked as deleted. If you know for certain that the user you are searching for is not in one of the disabled connections, and exists on an active connection, use the --force
option to force it to check all active LDAP connections:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:check-user –force robert
ldap:create-empty-config
creates an empty LDAP configuration. The first one you create has no configID
, like this example:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:create-empty-config
Created new configuration with configID ''
This is a holdover from the early days, when there was no option to create additional configurations. The second, and all subsequent, configurations that you create are automatically assigned IDs:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:create-empty-config
Created new configuration with configID 's01'
Then you can list and view your configurations:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:show-config
And view the configuration for a single configID:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:show-config s01
ldap:delete-config [configID]
deletes an existing LDAP configuration:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:delete s01
Deleted configuration with configID 's01'
The ldap:set-config
command is for manipulating configurations, like this example that sets search attributes:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:set-config s01 ldapAttributesForUserSearch
"cn;givenname;sn;displayname;mail"
ldap:show-remnants
is for cleaning up the LDAP mappings table, and is documented in LDAP User Cleanup.
Maintenance Commands
These maintenance commands put your ownCloud server into maintenance and single-user mode, and run repair steps during updates.
You must put your ownCloud server into maintenance mode whenever you perform an update or upgrade. This locks the sessions of all logged-in users, including administrators, and displays a status screen warning that the server is in maintenance mode. Users who are not already logged in cannot log in until maintenance mode is turned off. When you take the server out of maintenance mode logged-in users must refresh their Web browsers to continue working:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:mode --on
$ sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:mode --off
Putting your ownCloud server into single-user mode allows admins to log in and work, but not ordinary users. This is useful for performing maintenance and troubleshooting on a running server:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:singleuser --on
Single user mode enabled
And turn it off when you’re finished:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:singleuser --off
Single user mode disabled
The maintenance:repair
command runs automatically during upgrades to clean up the database, so while you can run it manually there usually isn’t a need to:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:repair
- Repair mime types
- Repair legacy storages
- Repair config
- Clear asset cache after upgrade
- Asset pipeline disabled -> nothing to do
- Generate ETags for file where no ETag is present.
- ETags have been fixed for 0 files/folders.
- Clean tags and favorites
- 0 tags for delete files have been removed.
- 0 tag entries for deleted tags have been removed.
- 0 tags with no entries have been removed.
- Re-enable file app
User Commands
The user
commands remove users, reset passwords, display a simple report showing how many users you have, and when a user was last logged in.
You can reset any user’s password, including administrators (see Resetting a Lost Admin Password):
$ sudo -u www-data php occ user:resetpassword layla
Enter a new password:
Confirm the new password:
Successfully reset password for layla
You can delete users:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ user:delete fred
View a user’s most recent login:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ user:lastseen layla
layla's last login: 09.01.2015 18:46
Generate a simple report that counts all users, including users on external user authentication servers such as LDAP:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ user:report
------------------ ----
| User Report | |
------------------ ----
| Database | 12 |
| LDAP | 86 |
| | |
| total users | 98 |
| | |
| user directories | 2 |
------------------ ----
Upgrade Command
When you are performing an update or upgrade on your ownCloud server (see the Maintenance section of this manual), it is better to use occ
to perform the database upgrade step, rather than the Web GUI, in order to avoid timeouts. PHP scripts invoked from the Web interface are limited to 3600 seconds. In larger environments this may not be enough, leaving the system in an inconsistent state. After performing all the preliminary steps (see Upgrading Your ownCloud Server) use this command to upgrade your databases:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ upgrade
Before completing the upgrade, ownCloud first runs a simulation by copying all database tables to new tables, and then performs the upgrade on them, to ensure that the upgrade will complete correctly. The copied tables are deleted after the upgrade. This takes twice as much time, which on large installations can be many hours, so you can omit this step with the --skip-migration-test
option:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ upgrade --skip-migration-test
You can perform this simulation manually with the --dry-run
option:
$ sudo -u www-data php occ upgrade --dry-run